Question

circle the correct answer.

1. which ion gained electrons(s) mg²+ or cl¹-
2. which ion lost electron(s) br¹- and ca²+

true/false

1. vsepr theory allows us to predict the size of atoms.
2. the three types of bonds in covalent bonding are single, double, and triple bonds.

covalent bonding and electronegativity
electronegativity chart
using the pauling scale
using the two charts above, predict the most likely type of bond to form between the following pairs. remember there are no negative values.

Explanation:

Step1: Find electronegativity values

From the electronegativity chart:

• Electronegativity of \(S = 2.5\), Electronegativity of \(O=3.4\)
• Electronegativity of \(C = 2.5\), Electronegativity of \(Cl = 3.2\)
• Electronegativity of \(K = 0.8\), Electronegativity of \(Br = 3.0\)
• Electronegativity of \(Br = 3.0\), Electronegativity of \(Br = 3.0\)

Step2: Calculate differences

• For \(S\) and \(O\): \(|3.4 - 2.5|= 0.9\)
• For \(C\) and \(Cl\): \(|3.2 - 2.5| = 0.7\)
• For \(K\) and \(Br\): \(|3.0 - 0.8|=2.2\)
• For \(Br\) and \(Br\): \(|3.0 - 3.0| = 0\)

Step3: Predict bond type

• For \(S - O\) (\(0.9\)): Since \(0.4<0.9 < 2.0\), it is polar covalent.
• For \(C - Cl\) (\(0.7\)): Since \(0.4<0.7 < 2.0\), it is polar covalent.
• For \(K - Br\) (\(2.2\)): Since \(2.2>2.0\), it is ionic.
• For \(Br - Br\) (\(0\)): Since \(0\) is in the \(0.0 - 0.4\) range, it is non - polar covalent.

Answer:

1. \(|O - S|=|3.4 - 2.5| = 0.9\)
2. Polar Covalent
3. \(|Cl - C|=|3.2 - 2.5|=0.7\)
4. Polar Covalent
5. \(|Br - K|=|3.0 - 0.8| = 2.2\)
6. Ionic
7. \(|Br - Br|=|3.0 - 3.0| = 0\)
8. Non - Polar Covalent