Question

chapter 4
name
class
blm 4
multivalent ionic compounds
goal • to write names and formulas of multivalent ionic compounds.
naming ionic compounds containing multivalent metals
ave more than one charge are multivalent. when we name compounds that contain multivall
use roman numerals to indicate which charge is involved. read the steps in the chart below,
mine the example. complete the chart to practice naming compounds with multivalent ions.
copper(i) and
nitrogen
gold(i) and sulfur
tin(iv) and chlori

1. identify the metal.

copper, cu
gold, au

1. verify that the metal can form

more than one kind of ion by
checking the periodic table.
cu+ and cu²+

1. determine the ratio of the ions

in the formula.
3 copper :
1 nitrogen

1. note the charge of the

negative ion.
3-

1. the positive and negative

charges must balance out.
determine what charge the
metal ion must have to balance
the negative ion.

• total: 3-

+ total: 3+

1. write the name of the metal ion.

copper(i)

1. write the name of the

compound. begin with the name
of the metal and its ionic charge
in roman numerals, then name
the non - metal and change its
ending to - ide.
copper(i) nitride

Explanation:

Step1: Identify the metal

For gold(I) and sulfur, the metal is gold, Au. For tin(IV) and chlorine, the metal is tin, Sn.

Step2: Verify ion - forming ability

Gold (Au) can form \(Au^{+}\) and \(Au^{3 +}\). Tin (Sn) can form \(Sn^{2+}\) and \(Sn^{4+}\).

Step3: Determine ion ratio

For gold(I) and sulfur: Let the formula be \(Au_{x}S_{y}\). Sulfur has a charge of \(2-\). Gold has a charge of \(1+\). Using charge balance \(x\times(+ 1)+y\times(-2)=0\). Let \(y = 1\), then \(x = 2\). So the ratio is \(2\) gold : \(1\) sulfur. For tin(IV) and chlorine: Chlorine has a charge of \(-1\). Tin has a charge of \(+4\). Let the formula be \(Sn_{a}Cl_{b}\). Then \(a\times(+4)+b\times(-1)=0\). Let \(a = 1\), then \(b = 4\). So the ratio is \(1\) tin : \(4\) chlorine.

Step4: Note negative ion charge

For sulfur, the charge is \(2-\). For chlorine, the charge is \(1-\).

Step5: Balance charges

For gold(I) and sulfur: Total negative charge (from sulfur) is \(2-\). Total positive charge (from gold) is \(2\times(+1)=2+\). For tin(IV) and chlorine: Total negative charge (from chlorine) is \(4\times(-1)=-4\). Total positive charge (from tin) is \(+4\).

Step6: Write metal ion name

For gold(I) and sulfur, the metal ion name is gold(I). For tin(IV) and chlorine, the metal ion name is tin(IV).

Step7: Write compound name

For gold(I) and sulfur: Begin with gold(I), then name sulfur as sulfide. So the compound name is gold(I) sulfide. For tin(IV) and chlorine: Begin with tin(IV), then name chlorine as chloride. So the compound name is tin(IV) chloride.

Answer:

For gold(I) and sulfur: gold(I) sulfide. For tin(IV) and chlorine: tin(IV) chloride.