Question

chapter assessment
identify each property as either physical or chemical. tell whether each physical property is extensive or intensive. there should be 2 answers in each blank.

1. color
2. tendency to rust
3. boiling point
4. mass
5. ability to burn
6. ability to bend
7. ability to conduct electricity

match each term in column a with its example in column b. each blank gets 2 answers.
column a \t\t\tcolumn b
____ 9. compound \t\ta. gold
____ 10. element \t\tb. methane (ch₄)
____ 11. gas \t\t\tc. steam (h₂o)
____ 12. vapor \t\t\td. oxygen
identify each mixture as either homogeneous or heterogeneous.
__________ 8. stainless steel
__________ 11. blood
__________ 12. hand lotion
__________ 14. potato salad
__________ 15. chunky peanut butter
__________ 16. dirt
__________ 18. gasoline
identify the technique you would use to separate each mixture.

1. two substances with different boiling points

1. sand from water

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze Question 1 (color)

Physical properties are observed without changing substance identity. Color is physical. Intensive properties don't depend on amount, color is intensive. So color: physical, intensive.

Step2: Analyze Question 2 (tendency to rust)

Rusting is a chemical change (involves reaction with O₂, H₂O). So tendency to rust is chemical property (no sub - type for intensive/extensive here as it's chemical).

Step3: Analyze Question 3 (boiling point)

Boiling point is physical (related to state change, no new substance). It's intensive (same for any amount of substance). So boiling point: physical, intensive.

Step4: Analyze Question 5 (mass)

Mass is physical (measurable without chemical change). It's extensive (depends on amount of substance). So mass: physical, extensive.

Step5: Analyze Question 6 (ability to burn)

Burning is combustion (chemical reaction). So ability to burn is chemical property.

Step6: Analyze Question 7 (ability to bend)

Bending is physical (no new substance, just shape change). It's intensive (doesn't depend on amount). So ability to bend: physical, intensive.

Step7: Analyze Question 8 (ability to conduct electricity)

Conducting electricity is physical (no chemical change). It's intensive (same for any amount). So ability to conduct electricity: physical, intensive.

Step8: Analyze Matching (Question 9 - 12)

• Compound: Substance with 2+ elements chemically combined. Methane (CH₄: C and H) and steam (H₂O: H and O) are compounds. But let's check: Methane (b), Steam (c) are compounds? Wait, 9. compound: b (methane, CH₄) and c (steam, H₂O) are compounds. 10. element: a (gold, Au) and d (oxygen, O₂) are elements. 11. gas: d (oxygen, gaseous) and b? No, methane is gas too? Wait, 11. gas: d (oxygen) and b (methane, gaseous at STP). 12. vapor: c (steam is water vapor) and maybe? Wait, vapor is gaseous state of a substance that's liquid/solid at STP. So steam (c) is water vapor. So 9. compound: b, c; 10. element: a, d; 11. gas: b, d; 12. vapor: c.

Step9: Analyze Mixture Identification (Questions 8, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18)

• 8. stainless steel: Homogeneous (uniform composition, alloy).
• 11. blood: Heterogeneous (contains cells, plasma, non - uniform).
• 12. hand lotion: Heterogeneous (different components not uniformly mixed).
• 14. Potato salad: Heterogeneous (chunks of potato, etc.).
• 15. chunky peanut butter: Heterogeneous (chunks of peanut).
• 16. dirt: Heterogeneous (mixture of various particles).
• 18. gasoline: Homogeneous (uniform mixture of hydrocarbons).

Step10: Analyze Separation Techniques (Questions 19, 20)

• 19. Two substances with different boiling points: Distillation (separates based on boiling point differences).
• 20. Sand from water: Filtration (sand is solid, water is liquid; filter separates solid from liquid).

Answer:

1. physical, intensive
2. chemical
3. physical, intensive
4. physical, extensive
5. chemical
6. physical, intensive
7. physical, intensive
8. b, c
9. a, d
10. b, d
11. c
12. homogeneous
13. heterogeneous
14. heterogeneous
15. heterogeneous
16. heterogeneous
17. heterogeneous
18. homogeneous
19. distillation
20. filtration