Question

1. balance each of the following chemical equations. a. fecl3(aq) + koh(aq) → fe(oh)3(s) + kcl(aq) b. pb(c2h3o2)2(aq) + ki(aq) → pbi2(s) + kc2h3o2(aq) c. p4o10(s) + h2o(l) → h3po4(aq) d. li2o(s) + h2o(l) → lioh(aq) e. mno2(s) + c(s) → mn(s) + co2(g) f. sb(s) + cl2(g) → sbcl3(s) g. ch4(g) + h2o(g) → co(g) + h2(g) h. fes(s) + hcl(aq) → fecl2(aq) + h2s(g)

Explanation:

Step1: Balance equation a

Balance the atoms on both sides. For the reaction $\text{FeCl}_3(\text{aq})+\text{KOH}(\text{aq})
ightarrow\text{Fe(OH)}_3(\text{s})+\text{KCl}(\text{aq})$, we need 3 moles of $\text{KOH}$ and 3 moles of $\text{KCl}$ to balance the $\text{K}$, $\text{Cl}$, $\text{Fe}$ and $\text{OH}$ groups. The balanced equation is $\text{FeCl}_3(\text{aq}) + 3\text{KOH}(\text{aq})
ightarrow\text{Fe(OH)}_3(\text{s})+3\text{KCl}(\text{aq})$.

Step2: Balance equation b

For $\text{Pb}(\text{C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2)_2(\text{aq})+\text{KI}(\text{aq})
ightarrow\text{PbI}_2(\text{s})+\text{KC}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2(\text{aq})$, we need 2 moles of $\text{KI}$ and 2 moles of $\text{KC}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2$ to balance the $\text{Pb}$, $\text{I}$, $\text{K}$ and acetate - groups. The balanced equation is $\text{Pb}(\text{C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2)_2(\text{aq})+2\text{KI}(\text{aq})
ightarrow\text{PbI}_2(\text{s}) + 2\text{KC}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2(\text{aq})$.

Step3: Balance equation c

For $\text{P}_4\text{O}_{10}(\text{s})+\text{H}_2\text{O}(\text{l})
ightarrow\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4(\text{aq})$, we need 6 moles of $\text{H}_2\text{O}$ to balance the $\text{P}$, $\text{O}$ and $\text{H}$ atoms. The balanced equation is $\text{P}_4\text{O}_{10}(\text{s})+6\text{H}_2\text{O}(\text{l})
ightarrow4\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4(\text{aq})$.

Step4: Balance equation d

For $\text{Li}_2\text{O}(\text{s})+\text{H}_2\text{O}(\text{l})
ightarrow\text{LiOH}(\text{aq})$, we need 2 moles of $\text{LiOH}$ to balance the $\text{Li}$, $\text{O}$ and $\text{H}$ atoms. The balanced equation is $\text{Li}_2\text{O}(\text{s})+\text{H}_2\text{O}(\text{l})
ightarrow2\text{LiOH}(\text{aq})$.

Step5: Balance equation e

For $\text{MnO}_2(\text{s})+\text{C}(\text{s})
ightarrow\text{Mn}(\text{s})+\text{CO}_2(\text{g})$, the equation is already balanced as the number of $\text{Mn}$, $\text{O}$ and $\text{C}$ atoms is the same on both sides.

Step6: Balance equation f

For $\text{Sb}(\text{s})+\text{Cl}_2(\text{g})
ightarrow\text{SbCl}_3(\text{s})$, we need 3 moles of $\text{Cl}_2$ and 2 moles of $\text{SbCl}_3$ to balance the $\text{Sb}$ and $\text{Cl}$ atoms. The balanced equation is $2\text{Sb}(\text{s}) + 3\text{Cl}_2(\text{g})
ightarrow2\text{SbCl}_3(\text{s})$.

Step7: Balance equation g

For $\text{CH}_4(\text{g})+\text{H}_2\text{O}(\text{g})
ightarrow\text{CO}(\text{g})+\text{H}_2(\text{g})$, we need 3 moles of $\text{H}_2$ on the right - hand side to balance the $\text{C}$ and $\text{H}$ atoms. The balanced equation is $\text{CH}_4(\text{g})+\text{H}_2\text{O}(\text{g})
ightarrow\text{CO}(\text{g})+3\text{H}_2(\text{g})$.

Step8: Balance equation h

For $\text{FeS}(\text{s})+\text{HCl}(\text{aq})
ightarrow\text{FeCl}_2(\text{aq})+\text{H}_2\text{S}(\text{g})$, we need 2 moles of $\text{HCl}$ to balance the $\text{Fe}$, $\text{S}$, $\text{H}$ and $\text{Cl}$ atoms. The balanced equation is $\text{FeS}(\text{s})+2\text{HCl}(\text{aq})
ightarrow\text{FeCl}_2(\text{aq})+\text{H}_2\text{S}(\text{g})$.

Answer:

a. $\text{FeCl}_3(\text{aq}) + 3\text{KOH}(\text{aq})
ightarrow\text{Fe(OH)}_3(\text{s})+3\text{KCl}(\text{aq})$
b. $\text{Pb}(\text{C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2)_2(\text{aq})+2\text{KI}(\text{aq})
ightarrow\text{PbI}_2(\text{s}) + 2\text{KC}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2(\text{aq})$
c. $\text{P}_4\text{O}_{10}(\text{s})+6\text{H}_2\text{O}(\text{l})
ightarrow4\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4(\text{aq})$
d. $\text{Li}_2\text{O}(\text{s})+\text{H}_2\text{O}(\text{l})
ightarrow2\text{LiOH}(\text{aq})$
e. $\text{MnO}_2(\text{s})+\text{C}(\text{s})
ightarrow\text{Mn}(\text{s})+\text{CO}_2(\text{g})$
f. $2\text{Sb}(\text{s}) + 3\text{Cl}_2(\text{g})
ightarrow2\text{SbCl}_3(\text{s})$
g. $\text{CH}_4(\text{g})+\text{H}_2\text{O}(\text{g})
ightarrow\text{CO}(\text{g})+3\text{H}_2(\text{g})$
h. $\text{FeS}(\text{s})+2\text{HCl}(\text{aq})
ightarrow\text{FeCl}_2(\text{aq})+\text{H}_2\text{S}(\text{g})$