Question

atomic dimensions
fill in the blanks with the correct numbers and charges.
aluminum: al, atomic number 13, mass number 27, number of protons 13, number of neutrons 14, number of electrons 10, charge +3
bromine: br, atomic number 35, mass number 80, number of protons 35, number of neutrons 45, number of electrons 36, charge -1
uranium: u, atomic number 92, mass number 238, number of protons 92, number of neutrons 146, number of electrons 87, charge +4
helium: he, atomic number 2, mass number 4, number of protons 2, number of neutrons 2, number of electrons 2, charge 0
lithium: li, atomic number 3, mass number 7, number of protons 3, number of neutrons 4, number of electrons 2, charge +1
tungsten: w, atomic number 74, mass number 184, number of protons 74, number of neutrons 110, number of electrons 70, charge +6
xenon: xe, atomic number 54, mass number 133, number of protons 54, number of neutrons 79, number of electrons 54, charge 0
magnesium: mg, atomic number 12, mass number 24, number of protons 12, number of neutrons 12, number of electrons 12, charge 2+
carbon: c, atomic number 6, mass number 12, number of protons 6, number of neutrons 6, number of electrons 6, charge 0
carbon: c, mass number 14, number of protons 6, number of neutrons 8, charge 4+
nitrogen: atomic number 7, mass number 14, charge 3-
chlorine: cl, mass number 36, number of protons 17, charge 1-
iron: atomic number 26, mass number 56, charge 3+
strontium: sr, mass number 88, charge 0
helium: he, atomic number 2, mass number 5, number of electrons 2, charge 0
hydrogen: atomic number 1, mass number 1, charge 0
rubidium: rb, mass number 85, number of protons 37, number of electrons 36
krypton: number of neutrons 48, number of electrons 36
cadmium: cd, number of neutrons 64, charge 2+
fluorine: atomic number 9, mass number 19, charge 0
nickel: ni, number of neutrons 32, charge 2+
lead: mass number 208, charge 0

Explanation:

Step1: Determine the relationship between atomic number, mass number, number of protons, neutrons, electrons and charge

- **Atomic number = Number of protons**
- **Mass number = Number of protons + Number of neutrons**
- **Charge = Number of protons - Number of electrons**

Step2: Fill in the blanks for each element

- **Aluminum**:
- Mass number = 27, atomic number = 13, number of protons = 13, number of electrons = 10
- Charge = \(13 - 10=+3\)
- Number of neutrons = \(27 - 13 = 14\)
- **Bromine**:
- Atomic number = 35, mass number = 80
- Number of protons = 35
- Number of neutrons = \(80 - 35=45\)
- Number of electrons = 36
- Charge = \(35 - 36=-1\)
- **Uranium**:
- Atomic number = 92, number of protons = 92, number of neutrons = 146
- Mass number = \(92 + 146=238\)
- Number of electrons = 87
- Charge = \(92 - 87=+4\)
- **Helium**:
- Atomic number = 2, mass number = 4
- Number of protons = 2
- Number of neutrons = \(4 - 2 = 2\)
- Number of electrons = 2
- Charge = \(2 - 2=0\)
- **Lithium**:
- Atomic number = 3, mass number = 7
- Number of protons = 3
- Number of neutrons = \(7 - 3=4\)
- Number of electrons = 2
- Charge = \(3 - 2=+1\)
- **Tungsten**:
- Mass number = 184, number of neutrons = 110
- Atomic number = \(184 - 110=74\)
- Number of protons = 74
- Number of electrons = 70
- Charge = \(74 - 70=+4\)
- **Xenon**:
- Atomic number = 54, mass number = 133
- Number of protons = 54
- Number of neutrons = \(133 - 54=79\)
- Number of electrons = 54
- Charge = \(54 - 54=0\)
- **Magnesium**:
- Atomic number = 12, mass number = 24
- Number of protons = 12
- Number of neutrons = \(24 - 12=12\)
- Number of electrons = 12
- Charge = \(12 - 12=0\)
- **Carbon (first row)**:
- Atomic number = 6, charge = 0
- Number of protons = 6
- Number of electrons = 6
- Mass number = \(6 + 6=12\)
- **Carbon (second row)**:
- Mass number = 14, number of protons = 6, number of neutrons = 8
- Number of electrons = \(6 - 4=2\) (since charge = +4)
- **Nitrogen**:
- Atomic number = 7, mass number = 14
- Number of protons = 7
- Number of neutrons = \(14 - 7=7\)
- Number of electrons = \(7+3 = 10\) (since charge = - 3)
- **Chlorine**:
- Mass number = 36, number of protons = 17
- Number of neutrons = \(36 - 17=19\)
- Number of electrons = \(17 + 1=18\) (since charge = - 1)
- **Iron**:
- Atomic number = 26, mass number = 56
- Number of protons = 26
- Number of neutrons = \(56 - 26=30\)
- Number of electrons = \(26 - 3=23\) (since charge = +3)
- **Strontium**:
- Mass number = 88, charge = 0
- Number of protons = number of electrons
- Let atomic number = \(x\), number of neutrons = \(88 - x\)
- **Helium (second row)**:
- Atomic number = 2, mass number = 5
- Number of protons = 2
- Number of neutrons = \(5 - 2=3\)
- Number of electrons = 2
- Charge = \(2 - 2=0\)
- **Hydrogen**:
- Atomic number = 1, mass number = 1
- Number of protons = 1
- Number of neutrons = \(1 - 1=0\)
- Number of electrons = 1
- Charge = \(1 - 1=0\)
- **Rubidium**:
- Mass number = 85, number of protons = 37
- Number of neutrons = \(85 - 37=48\)
- Number of electrons = 36
- Charge = \(37 - 36=+1\)
- **Krypton**:
- Number of neutrons = 48, number of electrons = 36
- Atomic number = number of protons = \(36\) (since charge = 0)
- Mass number = \(36 + 48=84\)
- **Cadmium**:
- Number of neutrons = 64, charge = +2
- Let atomic number = \(x\), number of electrons = \(x - 2\)
- Mass number = \(x+64\)
- **Fluorine**:
- Atomic number = 9, mass number = 19
- Number of protons = 9
- Number of neutrons = \(19 - 9=10\)
- Number of electrons = 9
- Charge = \(9 - 9=0\)
- **Nickel**:
- Number of neutrons = 32, charge = +2
- Let atomic number = \(x\), number of electrons = \(x - 2\)
- Mass number = \(x + 32\)
- **Lead**:
- Mass number = 208, charge = 0
- Let atomic number = \(x\), number of protons = \(x\), number of electrons = \(x\)
- Number of neutrons = \(208 - x\)

Answer:

ELEMENT	SYMBOL	ATOMIC NUMBER	MASS NUMBER	NUMBER OF PROTONS	NUMBER OF NEUTRONS	NUMBER OF ELECTRONS	CHARGE
Bromine	Br	35	80	35	45	36	-1
Uranium	U	92	238	92	146	87	+4
Helium	He	2	4	2	2	2	0
Lithium	Li	3	7	3	4	2	+1
Tungsten	W	74	184	74	110	70	+6
Xenon	Xe	54	133	54	79	54	0
Magnesium	Mg	12	24	12	12	12	0
Carbon	C	6	12	6	6	6	0
Carbon	C	6	14	6	8	2	+4
Nitrogen	N	7	14	7	7	10	-3
Chlorine	Cl	17	36	17	19	18	-1
Iron	Fe	26	56	26	30	23	+3
Strontium	Sr	38	88	38	50	38	0
Helium	He	2	5	2	3	2	0
Hydrogen	H	1	1	1	0	1	0
Rubidium	Rb	37	85	37	48	36	+1
Krypton	Kr	36	84	36	48	36	0
Cadmium	Cd	48	112	48	64	46	+2
Fluorine	F	9	19	9	10	9	0
Nickel	Ni	28	60	28	32	26	+2
Lead	Pb	82	208	82	126	82	0