Question

1. in baking biscuits and other quick breads, the baking powder reacts to release carbon dioxide bubbles. the carbon dioxide bubbles cause the dough to rise.
2. water boils at 100 degrees celsius and freezes at 0 degrees celsius.
3. is determined without the amount of matter

use the law of conservation of mass to fill out the missing information in the table below.

1. k + o₂ k₂o

38.9 g 24.9 g
38.9 g + 24.9 g = x

1. b(oh)₃ b₂o₃ + h₂o

36.8 g 7.4 g
x = 36.8 g + 7.4 g

1. agno₃ + cu ag + cu(no₃)₂

58.1 g 42.6 g 56.1 g
58.1 g + x = 42.g + 56.1 g

1. cacl₂ + naoh ca(oh)₂ + nacl

23.8 g 13.9 g 12.3 g
23.8 g + 13.9 g = 12.3 g + x

1. h₂so₄ + ca(oh)₂ h(oh) + caso₄

278.3 g 482.6 g
278.3 g + x = 482.6 g

Explanation:

Step1: Solve for 41

According to the Law of Conservation of Mass, the mass of reactants equals the mass of products.
For the reaction \(K + O_{2}\to K_{2}O\), we have \(38.9\space g+24.9\space g=x\).

$$x = 38.9+24.9=63.8\space g$$

Step2: Solve for 42

For the reaction \(B(OH)_{3}\to B_{2}O_{3}+H_{2}O\), using the Law of Conservation of Mass \(x = 36.8\space g+7.4\space g\)

$$x=36.8 + 7.4=44.2\space g$$

Step3: Solve for 43

For the reaction \(AgNO_{3}+Cu\to Ag + Cu(NO_{3})_{2}\), by the Law of Conservation of Mass \(58.1\space g+x=42.6\space g + 56.1\space g\)
First, calculate the sum of the products' mass: \(42.6+56.1 = 98.7\space g\)
Then, solve for \(x\): \(x=98.7 - 58.1=40.6\space g\)

Step4: Solve for 44

For the reaction \(CaCl_{2}+NaOH\to Ca(OH)_{2}+NaCl\), using the Law of Conservation of Mass \(23.8\space g+13.9\space g=12.3\space g+x\)
First, calculate the sum of the reactants' mass: \(23.8+13.9 = 37.7\space g\)
Then, solve for \(x\): \(x=37.7-12.3 = 25.4\space g\)

Step5: Solve for 45

For the reaction \(H_{2}SO_{4}+Ca(OH)_{2}\to H(OH)+CaSO_{4}\), by the Law of Conservation of Mass \(278.3\space g+x=482.6\space g\)
Solve for \(x\): \(x=482.6 - 278.3=204.3\space g\)

Answer:

1. \(63.8\space g\)
2. \(44.2\space g\)
3. \(40.6\space g\)
4. \(25.4\space g\)
5. \(204.3\space g\)