Question

1. what is the meaning of bias in statistics? a. a systematic error that can affect the accuracy of results, often caused by improper sampling or experiment design b. when random assignment is used c. when all individuals have an equal chance of being selected d. when a random number generator is used

Explanation:

In statistics, bias is a systematic error. It can distort results and is commonly due to issues like improper sampling or experiment - design. Random assignment, equal - chance selection, and use of a random number generator are related to reducing bias rather than defining it.

Answer:

a. A systematic error that can affect the accuracy of results, often caused by improper sampling or experiment design