Question

16 multiple choice 1 point
what is the noble gas configuration for an atom of germanium at ground state?
kr4s²3d¹⁰4p²
ar4s²4d¹⁰4p²
kr4s²4d¹⁰4p²
ar4s²3d¹⁰4p²
17 multiple choice 1 point
how many valence electrons does oxygen have in a lewis dot structure?
8
4
6
2

Explanation:

Question 16

Germanium has an atomic number of 32. Argon (\([Ar]\)) has an atomic number of 18. After \([Ar]\), the electron filling order is \(4s\), then \(3d\), then \(4p\). The \(4d\) orbitals start filling after \(5s\) (for elements in higher periods). Krypton (\([Kr]\)) has an atomic number of 36, which is higher than germanium's 32. So we use \([Ar]\) as the noble - gas core. The electron configuration after \([Ar]\) for germanium is \(4s^{2}3d^{10}4p^{2}\)

Oxygen has an atomic number of 8. Its electron configuration is \(1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{4}\). The valence electrons are in the \(n = 2\) shell. The number of valence electrons is \(2 + 4=6\) (from \(2s^{2}\) and \(2p^{4}\)). In a Lewis dot structure, we represent the valence electrons.

Answer:

\([Ar]4s^{2}3d^{10}4p^{2}\) (the fourth option)

Question 17