Question

you have probably heard the term model used in some very different ways. maybe you think of a model as a person who shows products like clothes to help sell them, such as a fashion model. model cars or airplanes look like miniature versions of the real thing. a role model is someone who sets a good example for others.
none of these are quite like the models that scientists and engineers use, though. scientists and engineers use models to try to characterize and understand phenomena better. since phenomena are often very complicated, a model can only represent a phenomenon in a simplified way. therefore, models include only some components or variables related to the phenomena they are investigating. whoever creates the model must make choices about what to include and what to leave out. but even though the model is a simplified representation of a phenomenon, it must account for all the observed evidence, be able to provide an explanation of what is observed, and make predictions the phenomenon.
an important aspect of scientific models is that they connect to natural phenomena. models are used for explaining phenomena and making predictions about new situations and related phenomena. whenever you are asked to create or use a model, make sure you think about how the model connects to the phenomenon you are trying to explain.
how are models used in science?

Explanation:

To determine how models are used in science, we analyze the text:

1. Scientists and engineers use models to better characterize and understand phenomena. Since phenomena are complex, models simplify them by including relevant components/variables.
2. Models must account for observed evidence, explain observations, and make predictions about the phenomenon.
3. They connect to natural phenomena, aiding in explaining phenomena and predicting in new/related situations.

Answer:

Scientists and engineers use models to better characterize and understand complex phenomena (by simplifying them, including relevant components/variables). Models must account for observed evidence, explain observations, and make predictions about the phenomenon. They also connect to natural phenomena to explain phenomena and predict in new/related situations.