Question

which of these are possible effects of alcohol on a fetus?
a. cognitive disabilities and birth defects
b. emphysema and birth defects
c. emphysema and copd
d. cognitive disabilities and copd

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each option:

• Option A: Alcohol exposure during pregnancy (fetal alcohol spectrum disorders) can cause cognitive disabilities (like learning/intellectual issues) and birth defects (physical abnormalities).
• Option B: Emphysema is a lung disease from smoking/long - term lung damage, not caused by alcohol on a fetus.
• Option C: Emphysema and COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) are lung - related, not fetal alcohol effects.
• Option D: COPD is not a fetal alcohol effect.

Answer:

A. Cognitive disabilities and birth defects