Question

which of the statements are true regarding the movement of water through the xylem of vascular plants? select all that apply. water is pushed up the xylem by pumps in the root cells. movement of water depends on differences in turgor pressure in the leaves versus roots. movement of water requires an input of metabolic energy in the form of atp. water is pulled through the xylem by an evaporative force. water travels through the hollow centers of cells that lack cytoplasm and membranes.

Explanation:

1. Water is not pushed up by pumps in root cells. Root pressure is a minor contributor but not through 'pumps'.
2. Turgor - pressure differences are not the main driving force for water movement in xylem.
3. Water movement in xylem is mainly passive and does not require ATP.
4. Transpiration (evaporative force) pulls water through the xylem. This is the main driving force for the cohesion - tension theory.
5. Xylem vessels and tracheids are dead cells at maturity, lacking cytoplasm and membranes, and water travels through their hollow centers.

Answer:

Water is pulled through the xylem by an evaporative force.
Water travels through the hollow centers of cells that lack cytoplasm and membranes.