Question

which statement best compares and contrasts two physical properties of matter?
density and solubility are similar because they both involve water, but they are different because density involves dissolving a material and solubility involves floating or sinking a material.
density and solubility are similar because they both involve a materials mass and volume, but they are different because density involves floating materials and solubility involves sinking materials.
boiling points and melting points are similar because they both involve changing the heat of a material, but they are different because boiling point involves adding heat to a material and melting point involves removing heat from a material.
boiling points and melting points are similar because they both involve the change in a state of a material, but they are different because boiling point involves a change from a liquid to a gas and melting point involves a change from a solid to a liquid.

Explanation:

• Density and solubility:
• Density is calculated as \(density=\frac{mass}{volume}\), and it determines if a material floats or sinks in a fluid (not just water). Solubility is the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent (not just water). So the first two options about density and solubility are incorrect.
• Boiling and melting points:
• Both boiling point and melting point are related to phase - change of a material. Boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas (vaporization), and melting point is the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid. Both processes involve adding heat (melting: solid - to - liquid, boiling: liquid - to - gas). The third option is wrong because both involve adding heat. The fourth option correctly states that they are similar as they involve state change of a material, and different as boiling is liquid - to - gas and melting is solid - to - liquid.

Answer:

Boiling points and melting points are similar because they both involve the change in a state of a material, but they are different because boiling point involves a change from a liquid to a gas and melting point involves a change from a solid to a liquid.