Question

which process is occurring in the diagram?
partial melting
fractional crystallization
crystal separation
fractional separation

Explanation:

Partial melting occurs when only a portion of a solid rock melts. In the context of igneous petrology, as different minerals in a rock have different melting points, when heated, some minerals melt while others remain solid. This is consistent with what might be depicted in the diagram (assuming it shows a rock with some melted and some solid parts). Fractional crystallization is about minerals crystallizing out of a magma in sequence based on cooling, which is more about crystal formation from melt. Crystal separation is a less - specific term. Fractional separation is also a rather broad and less - specific term compared to partial melting which is a well - defined geological process related to the initial stages of magma formation from solid rock.

Answer:

partial melting