Question

which postulate of the kinetic-molecular theory applies to the particles of a liquid?

• they can be compressed, which causes a large change in volume
• they have so much kinetic energy that their intermolecular forces are negligible
• they have enough kinetic energy to easily slide by each other
• they do not move freely but vibrate in a stationary position

Explanation:

Analyze states of matter characteristics

• Option 1 describes gases, which are highly compressible.
• Option 2 describes gases, where kinetic energy is high enough that intermolecular forces are negligible.
• Option 3 describes liquids, where particles have enough kinetic energy to slide past one another while remaining close together.
• Option 4 describes solids, where particles vibrate in fixed, stationary positions.

Identify the correct postulate for liquids

• The defining kinetic-molecular characteristic of a liquid is that its particles are in constant motion, possessing enough kinetic energy to overcome fixed positions and slide past each other, yet not enough to completely overcome intermolecular attractions.
• Therefore, the third option is the correct statement for liquids.

Answer:

• They can be compressed, which causes a large change in volume
• They have so much kinetic energy that their intermolecular forces are negligible
• They have enough kinetic energy to easily slide by each other (Correct answer)
• They do not move freely but vibrate in a stationary position