Question

which individuals were challenged by the catholic church for their belief in the theory represented in this diagram?
○ a eratosthenes and boyle
○ b archimedes and newton
○ c copernicus and galileo
○ d thomas aquinas and pythagoras

question 36 (1 point)
philip ii of spain, louis xiv of france, and peter the great of russia were all considered absolute rulers because they:
○ a instituted government programs that gave more power to their parliaments
○ b made government decisions without the consent of their people
○ c broke from the roman catholic church
○ d helped feudal lords build secure castles

Explanation:

First Question (About the Diagram and Catholic Church Challenge)

The diagram likely represents the heliocentric model (Sun - centered), which was challenged by the Catholic Church. Copernicus proposed heliocentrism, and Galileo supported it, leading to Church challenges. Eratosthenes (geography), Boyle (chemistry), Archimedes (mathematics/physics), Newton (physics), Thomas Aquinas (theology), and Pythagoras (mathematics/philosophy) don't fit this context.

Absolute rulers (like Philip II, Louis XIV, Peter the Great) had unrestricted power, making decisions without people's consent. Option a is wrong (they centralized power, not empower parliaments). Option c: Philip II was Catholic, Louis XIV was Catholic - leaning, Peter the Great's break from Church was different. Option d: Feudal castles were not their focus.

Answer:

c. Copernicus and Galileo

Second Question (About Absolute Rulers)