Question

which of the following is true about proteins?
a proteins are involved in the second part of the central dogma.
b proteins determine the structure and function of cells.
c proteins are created in the nucleus.
d proteins carry the genetic information from the dna to the rna.

Explanation:

• Option a: The central dogma has two main parts: DNA → RNA (transcription) and RNA → protein (translation). Proteins are the end - product of the second part (translation), so they are involved in the second part of the central dogma.
• Option b: Proteins are essential for cell structure (e.g., structural proteins like actin and myosin in muscle cells) and function (e.g., enzymes which are proteins catalyze biochemical reactions).
• Option c: Proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm on ribosomes. The nucleus is mainly involved in DNA storage and transcription (production of RNA).
• Option d: Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes for protein synthesis, not proteins.

Answer:

A. Proteins are involved in the second part of the central dogma, B. Proteins determine the structure and function of cells.