Question

when countries trade without restrictions, this is called free trade. to try to balance the costs and benefits of international trade, some governments implement protectionist measures, or barriers that limit free trade. read the descriptions of some of the most common ones below. then follow the directions.
revenue tariff: a tax on imported goods designed to generate income for a government
quota: a limit on the number of a certain good that can be imported from a specific country
embargo: a ban on trade with a certain country
subsidy: financial assistance a country gives to local producers of goods and services
health and safety regulation: a ban on the import of a good that is unsafe or contains hazardous material
match the example to the type of protectionist measure being used.
quota revenue tariff
embargo subsidy
health and safety regulation
example protectionist measure
the domestic dairy industry is struggling to attract customers. the government restricts the number of gallons of milk that can be imported from a neighboring country to ensure people will buy from local sources.
another country has violated a number of international laws. the government decides to prohibit all trade with this country to express its disapproval.
some medicine from abroad has been found to be defective. the government adopts a requirement that all imported pharmaceutical goods undergo testing to ensure they meet quality standards before being sold.
domestic furniture manufacturers are struggling to pay their workers a fair wage and compete with cheaper goods from overseas. the government offers financial support that allows companies to lower their prices and still make a profit.
the government is facing a budget shortfall and must find additional sources of income. it imposes a tax on imported coffee that slightly raises prices for consumers without significantly affecting demand.

Explanation:

1. The first example restricts the number of gallons of milk that can be imported, which matches the definition of a quota (a limit on the number of a certain good that can be imported from a specific country).
2. The second example prohibits all trade with a country, which is an embargo (a ban on trade with a certain country).
3. The third example has the government adopt a requirement for imported pharmaceutical goods to undergo testing for quality standards, which is a health and safety regulation (a ban on the import of a good that is unsafe or contains hazardous material).
4. The fourth example has the government offer financial support to domestic furniture manufacturers, which is a subsidy (financial assistance a country gives to local producers of goods and services).
5. The fifth example has the government impose a tax on imported coffee to generate income, which is a revenue tariff (a tax on imported goods designed to generate income for a government).

Answer:

1. quota
2. embargo
3. health and safety regulation
4. subsidy
5. revenue tariff