Question

what scientific knowledge about macromolecules is a direct result of gerardus johannes mulders 1838 discovery?
all proteins contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
all carbohydrates contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
nucleic acids are polymers with nucleotide monomers.
the helical structure of dna is essential for protein production.

Explanation:

Gerardus Johannes Mulder's 1838 discovery was about the elemental composition of proteins, identifying that all proteins contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. The other options relate to carbohydrates (not his focus), nucleic acids (discovered later), or DNA structure (much later discovery).

Answer:

A. All proteins contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.