Question

what is the main function of the cell membrane in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
a. to control the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
b. to store genetic information.
c. to synthesize proteins.
d. to produce energy for the cell.

what is the primary function of organelles in eukaryotic cells?
a. to control the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
b. to store the cells genetic information.
c. to perform specialized tasks within the cell.
d. to provide structural support to the cell.

Explanation:

For the first question:

• The cell membrane is a semi - permeable barrier. It regulates what enters and leaves the cell. Genetic information is stored in DNA (in the nucleus for eukaryotes, in the nucleoid region for prokaryotes). Protein synthesis occurs at ribosomes. Energy production (e.g., ATP synthesis) occurs in mitochondria (eukaryotes) or through other metabolic pathways (prokaryotes).

For the second question:

• Organelles are like specialized “organs” within a cell. Each has a specific function. For example, mitochondria produce energy, lysosomes digest waste. The cell membrane controls substance movement (already addressed in the first question). Genetic information storage is mainly in the nucleus (for eukaryotes). Structural support is provided by the cytoskeleton.

Answer:

First question: A. To control the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
Second question: C. To perform specialized tasks within the cell.