Question

1. what are the inalienable rights mentioned in the declaration of independence?

equality, justice, and democracy
freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and the right to bear arms
life, liberty, and property
life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

1. which enlightenment philosopher is most closely associated with the idea that government derives its authority from the consent of the governed?

thomas hobbes
adam smith
john locke
voltaire

1. what is the primary purpose of the declaration of independence?

to declare the colonies’ independence from britain and justify the reasons for doing so
to outline the structure of the u.s. government
to create an alliance with france during the revolutionary war
to establish a new government in the american colonies

Explanation:

Question 1

The Declaration of Independence states that all men are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. The other options: "Equality, Justice, and Democracy" are broader ideals not the specific inalienable rights here; "Freedom of Speech, Freedom of Religion, and the Right to Bear Arms" are from the Bill of Rights; "Life, Liberty, and Property" was John Locke's phrasing, but the Declaration used "pursuit of Happiness".

John Locke is known for the idea that government's authority comes from the consent of the governed (social contract theory). Thomas Hobbes had a different view of social contract (more about security from chaos), Adam Smith was an economist (invisible hand), Voltaire was about freedom of speech/religion, not consent of governed.

The Declaration of Independence was written to formally declare the 13 colonies' independence from Great Britain and provide the reasons (grievances against the king, etc.) for doing so. Outlining government structure is the Constitution's job; creating an alliance with France came later; establishing a new government was a later step, not the primary purpose of the Declaration.

Answer:

D. Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness

Question 2