Question

what happens when a solid substance like ice or (the rest is cut off) and why does this change occur?

Explanation:

The problem is about the change in solid substances (like ice, assuming the second solid was a typo, maybe "wax" or another solid). When a solid is heated, it can melt into a liquid (e.g., ice melts to water). This change (melting) occurs because heat energy is absorbed, increasing the kinetic energy of particles. The particles in a solid are closely packed in a fixed arrangement; heat breaks the intermolecular forces (or bonds in some cases) enough for particles to move more freely, transitioning to a liquid state (melting, a phase change). The discipline here is Natural Science, subfield Physics (or Chemistry, as phase changes relate to matter's states, studied in both, but Physics often covers thermal energy and phase transitions).

Answer:

When a solid substance like ice (and another solid, e.g., wax) is heated, it typically melts into a liquid (e.g., ice → water, wax → liquid wax). This change (melting, a phase transition) occurs because heat energy is absorbed, increasing the kinetic energy of the solid’s particles. In a solid, particles are closely packed in a fixed, ordered structure (due to intermolecular forces/bonds). As heat is added, particles gain energy, vibrate more vigorously, and eventually overcome these forces (or break bonds, depending on the substance), moving out of their fixed positions. This allows them to flow past one another, resulting in the liquid state.