Question

vocabulary review assignment
sliding across a rough surface increases and slows down the objcet.
kinetic energy damage collision friction deformation potential energy peak force contact force
breaking point

Explanation:

Friction is a force that opposes the relative motion between two surfaces in contact. When an object slides across a rough surface, the irregularities on the two surfaces (the object and the rough surface) interact. This interaction creates a frictional force. According to Newton's second law of motion (\(F = ma\)), this frictional force acts in the direction opposite to the motion of the object. As a result, it causes a deceleration (\(a=\frac{F}{m}\), where \(F\) is the frictional force and \(m\) is the mass of the object). Kinetic energy (\(K=\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}\)) is related to the motion of the object. As the object slows down ( \(v\) decreases), its kinetic energy decreases. The other options:

• Kinetic energy (\(K = \frac{1}{2}mv^{2}\)): Slowing down means a decrease in kinetic energy, not an increase.
• Damage: There is no indication from the statement about physical damage to the object.
• Collision: A collision implies a sudden impact - like event between two or more objects, which is not described here.
• Deformation: There is no mention of the object changing its shape.
• Potential energy (\(U = mgh\) for gravitational potential energy, or \(U=\frac{1}{2}kx^{2}\) for elastic potential energy): There is no change in height (\(h\)) or compression/extension (\(x\)) described.
• Peak force: This is the maximum force in a force - time profile, not relevant to the general slowing - down due to a rough surface.
• Contact force: While friction is a type of contact force, the more specific term that explains the slowing - down is friction.
• Breaking point: This refers to the point at which a material fails, not relevant here.

Answer:

Friction