Question

variables worksheet
name:
date:
period:

for each experiment, write down the independent variable (iv), dependent variable (dv), and control.
for some, identify the constants as well.

1. katana wanted to figure out what type of liquid worked best for growing beans. she watered one with coca-cola, one with lemonade, and one with just water. after one week, she measured how high they had grown.

a. independent variable (iv):
b. dependent variable (dv):
c. control:

1. sonya wanted to find out what fertilizer worked best for growing marigolds. she put miracle grow on one, scotts fertilizer on one, and no fertilizer on another.

a. independent variable (iv):
b. dependent variable (dv):
c. control:

1. mileena wanted to see if eating apples would help her do better on her classwork. the first day, she didnt eat any apples. on day 2, she ate one apple; on day 3, she ate 2 apples; and on day 4, she ate 3 apples. each day, she recorded the grades she got on her science work.

a. independent variable (iv):
b. dependent variable (dv):
c. control:

1. kano wanted to see if listening to music would make the basketball players make more baskets. on day one, he didnt play any music and counted how many baskets they could make in 10 minutes. on day 2, he played rap music and counted the baskets, and on day 3, he played classical music and counted the baskets.

a. independent variable (iv):
b. dependent variable (dv):
c. control:

1. kung lao wanted to see what kitchen cleaner worked best for cleaning her counters. he used lysol, clorox, pinesol, and just water. for each cleaner, he put 5 milliliters of grape juice on the counter, sprayed the cleaner, and wiped it with one paper towel.

a. independent variable (iv):
b. dependent variable (dv):
c. control:
d. constants:

Explanation:

🆕 New Concept Discovered: Scientific Variables
Identifying what changes, what is measured, and what stays the same in an experiment.

Step 1: Understand the Core Concepts

To solve these problems, we need to identify three main components of a scientific experiment:

• Independent Variable (IV): The factor that the experimenter deliberately changes or manipulates (the "cause").
• Dependent Variable (DV): The factor that is measured or observed to see how it responds to the changes (the "effect").
• Control (or Control Group): The standard setup used for comparison, representing the "normal" or untreated condition.
• Constants: Factors that are kept exactly the same throughout all trials to ensure a fair test.

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Step 2: Analyze Scenario 1 (Katana's Bean Experiment)

• Scenario: Katana tests different liquids (coca-cola, lemonade, water) on bean growth and measures how high they grow.
• Independent Variable (IV): What Katana changes is the type of liquid used to water the beans.
• Dependent Variable (DV): What she measures is the height of the bean plants (how high they grew).
• Control: The normal condition used for comparison is watering with just water.

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Step 3: Analyze Scenario 2 (Sonya's Marigold Experiment)

• Scenario: Sonya tests different fertilizers (Miracle Grow, Scotts, no fertilizer) on marigolds.
• Independent Variable (IV): What Sonya changes is the type of fertilizer used.
• Dependent Variable (DV): What she measures is the growth/health of the marigolds (implied by "what fertilizer worked best").
• Control: The group with no fertilizer serves as the baseline comparison.

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Step 4: Analyze Scenario 3 (Mileena's Apple Experiment)

• Scenario: Mileena eats different amounts of apples each day (0, 1, 2, 3) and records her science grades.
• Independent Variable (IV): What Mileena changes is the number of apples eaten daily.
• Dependent Variable (DV): What she measures is her grades on her science work.
• Control: The first day where she didn't eat any apples (0 apples).

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Step 5: Analyze Scenario 4 (Kano's Music Experiment)

• Scenario: Kano plays different types of music (no music, rap, classical) while basketball players shoot baskets for 10 minutes.
• Independent Variable (IV): What Kano changes is the type of music played (or presence of music).
• Dependent Variable (DV): What he measures is the number of baskets made in 10 minutes.
• Control: Day one, where he didn't play any music.

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Step 6: Analyze Scenario 5 (Kung Lao's Cleaner Experiment)

• Scenario: Kung Lao tests different kitchen cleaners (Lysol, Clorox, Pinesol, water) on grape juice stains using 5 mL of juice and one paper towel.
• Independent Variable (IV): What Kung Lao changes is the type of kitchen cleaner used.
• Dependent Variable (DV): What is measured is the cleanliness of the counter (how well the cleaner worked).
• Control: Cleaning with just water.
• Constants: The factors kept identical are the amount of grape juice (5 milliliters), the type of stain (grape juice), and using one paper towel to wipe.

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Answer:

1. Katana's Bean Experiment

• a. Independent Variable (IV): Type of liquid (coca-cola, lemonade, water)
• b. Dependent Variable (DV): Height of the bean plants
• c. Control: The plant watered with just water

2. Sonya's Marigold Experiment

• a. Independent Variable (IV): Type of fertilizer (Miracle Grow, Scotts, none)
• b. Dependent Variable (DV): Growth/health of the marigolds
• c. Control: The marigold with no fertilizer

3. Mileena's Apple Experiment

• a. Independent Variable (IV): Number of apples eaten
• b. Dependent Variable (DV): Grades on science work
• c. Control: Day 1 (eating no apples)

4. Kano's Music Experiment

• a. Independent Variable (IV): Type of music played (none, rap, classical)
• b. Dependent Variable (DV): Number of baskets made in 10 minutes
• c. Control: Day 1 (no music played)

5. Kung Lao's Cleaner Experiment

• a. Independent Variable (IV): Type of kitchen cleaner
• b. Dependent Variable (DV): Cleanliness of the counter (how well the stain was cleaned)
• c. Control: Just water
• d. Constants: Amount of grape juice (5 mL), type of stain (grape juice), and using one paper towel to wipe