Question

understanding checkpoint biomolecules

1. a monomer is a building block for _.
2. which of the following elements is not found in all biomolecules?

a. carbon b. nitrogen
c. hydrogen d. oxygen

1. what is a biomolecule?

a. the dissolved particle in a solution
b. one of the by - products of respiration
c. large molecule that is present in living organisms
d. none of the above

1. true or false: macromolecules are tiny molecules that all cells need.
2. what type of molecule is this?

a. nucleic acid
b. protein
c. carbohydrate
d. lipid

1. what is the monomer for carbohydrates?

a. amino acid b. nucleotide
c. fatty acid d. saccharide

1. what type of molecule is this?

a. nucleic acid
b. protein
c. carbohydrate
d. lipid
identify the biomolecule described by each statement.
c = carbohydrate
l = lipid
p = protein
n = nucleic acid
_ 8. stores long - term energy
_ 9. source of fast energy
_ 10. involved in muscle building
_ 11. includes genetic material
_ 12. insulation
_ 13. made of nucleotides
_ 14. include enzymes
_ 15. made of amino acids
_ 16. fats and oils
_ 17. found in breads and pastas
_ 18. make cell membranes
_ 19. glycerol and fatty acids
_ 20. c, h, o, and n

Explanation:

• Question 1: Monomers are building blocks for polymers. For example, amino acids (monomers) build proteins (polymers).
• Question 2: Carbon (\(C\)), hydrogen (\(H\)), and oxygen (\(O\)) are in all biomolecules (carbohydrates \(C_nH_{2n}O_n\), lipids have \(C\), \(H\), \(O\), proteins have \(C\), \(H\), \(O\), \(N\), nucleic acids have \(C\), \(H\), \(O\), \(N\), \(P\)). Nitrogen (\(N\)) is not in all (e.g., not in carbohydrates like glucose \(C_6H_{12}O_6\)).
• Question 3: Biomolecules are large molecules in living organisms. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids fit this definition.
• Question 4: Macromolecules (like proteins, polysaccharides) are large, not tiny. So the statement is false.
• Question 5: The DNA double - helix image represents a nucleic acid.
• Question 6: Monomer of carbohydrates is saccharide (e.g., glucose is a monosaccharide). Amino acids for proteins, nucleotides for nucleic acids, fatty acids (with glycerol) for lipids.
• Question 7: The structure shown is a monosaccharide (a simple carbohydrate). The general formula \(C_nH_{2n}O_n\) and the multiple \( - OH\) (hydroxyl) groups are characteristic of carbohydrates.
• Question 8: Lipids (e.g., fats) store long - term energy.
• Question 9: Carbohydrates (e.g., glucose) are a source of fast energy.
• Question 10: Proteins are involved in muscle building (muscle is made of protein filaments like actin and myosin).
• Question 11: Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) include genetic material.
• Question 12: Lipids (e.g., subcutaneous fat) provide insulation.
• Question 13: Nucleic acids are made of nucleotides.
• Question 14: Proteins include enzymes (biological catalysts, most of which are proteins).
• Question 15: Proteins are made of amino acids.
• Question 16: Fats and oils are types of lipids.
• Question 17: Breads and pastas are high in carbohydrates (starch, a polysaccharide).
• Question 18: Lipids (phospholipids) make cell membranes.
• Question 19: Lipids (triglycerides) are made of glycerol and fatty acids.
• Question 20: Proteins have \(C\), \(H\), \(O\), and \(N\) (some also have \(S\)).

Answer:

1. polymer
2. b. nitrogen
3. c. large molecule that is present in living organisms
4. False
5. a. nucleic acid
6. d. saccharide
7. c. carbohydrate
8. L
9. C
10. P
11. N
12. L
13. N
14. P
15. P
16. L
17. C
18. L
19. L
20. P