Question

surface waves

• rayleigh and ________ waves
• travel just ______ or along the ground’s ______
• ________ than body waves
• rolling and ______ to ______ movement
• especially ________ to buildings

seismographs

• anchored to bedrock and moves with it…recording earthquake events

Explanation:

To fill in the blanks about surface waves (a topic in geology, part of Natural Science, specifically Earth Science/Geology subfield related to earthquakes):

1. Rayleigh and Love waves (Love waves are the other main type of surface seismic waves).
2. Travel just below or along the ground’s surface (surface waves travel near the Earth's surface, unlike body waves which travel through the interior).
3. Slower than body waves (surface waves have slower velocities compared to P and S body waves).
4. Rolling and side - to - side (or "horizontal" can also be used, but side - to - side is descriptive of Love waves' motion; Rayleigh have rolling, Love have side - to - side) to vertical (Rayleigh waves have vertical - rolling motion, Love have horizontal - side - to - side, but the combination here is about the types of motion; alternatively, "horizontal" and "vertical" can be adjusted, but the standard is Rayleigh: rolling (vertical - like ocean waves), Love: side - to - side (horizontal); so "side - to - side" and "vertical" for the motion types).
5. Especially destructive to buildings (surface waves cause more damage to structures as they move the ground surface more intensely).

Answer:

• Rayleigh and \(\boldsymbol{\text{Love}}\) waves
• Travel just \(\boldsymbol{\text{below}}\) or along the ground’s \(\boldsymbol{\text{surface}}\)
• \(\boldsymbol{\text{Slower}}\) than body waves
• Rolling and \(\boldsymbol{\text{side - to - side}}\) to \(\boldsymbol{\text{vertical}}\) movement
• Especially \(\boldsymbol{\text{destructive}}\) to buildings