Question

a student fills up their water bottle with ice in the morning. by the end of the day, all the ice had turned in to water. which lol chart below shows the energy change as the solid ice turned in to liquid water? a initial final energy flow ( e_{th} ) ( e_{ph} ) ( e_{ch} ) ( e_{th} ) ( e_{ph} ) ( e_{ch} ) b initial final energy flow ( e_{th} ) ( e_{ph} ) ( e_{ch} ) ( e_{th} ) ( e_{ph} ) ( e_{ch} )

Explanation:

Step1: Understand phase - change energy

When ice (solid) melts to water (liquid), it absorbs heat energy. The internal energy of the substance increases mainly in the form of thermal energy ($E_{th}$) as the molecules gain more kinetic energy to move more freely. The potential energy related to the phase ($E_{ph}$) also changes as the substance changes from a more ordered solid state to a less - ordered liquid state. Chemical energy ($E_{ch}$) remains the same as there is no chemical reaction occurring.

Step2: Analyze energy - change in options

In option A, the increase in energy is not sufficient to account for the phase change from solid to liquid. In option B, the increase in thermal and potential energy correctly represents the energy change when ice melts to water. The chemical energy remains constant throughout the phase - change process.

Answer:

B