Question

recent research has confirmed the many health benefits of reading. one study showed that readers live longer, and those who read books live longer still. reading has been proven to help senior citizens keep their minds in shape, possibly slowing the effects of aging on memory. researchers have demonstrated that fiction readers who involve themselves emotionally in the stories they read become more empathetic. and english researchers found that reading is one of the best stress reduction methods, better than listening to music or taking a walk. since borrowing books at your public library is free, reading may be the cheapest form of healthcare around, so start reading today!
how does the authors use of authority affect the argument?
1 it provides support, but the authorities are too vaguely cited to be effective.
2 the author relies too heavily on authorities and does not make a coherent argument.
3 the authorities chosen make the passage too technical to be understood by its intended readers.

Explanation:

The author mentions "one study", "researchers", and "English researchers" without detailed citations. This lack of specific information about the authorities weakens their support for the argument.

Answer:

1. It provides support, but the authorities are too vaguely cited to be effective.