Question

question 9 (1 point)
what is the maximum number of electrons in the second principal energy level?
o a 8
o b 18
o c 32
o d 2

question 10 (1 point)
when an electron moves from a lower to a higher energy level, the electron
o a absorbs a continuously variable amount of energy.
o b always doubles its energy.
o c moves closer to the nucleus.
o d absorbs a quantum of energy.

question 11 (1 point)
the shape (not the size) of an electron cloud is determined by the electrons _
o a principal quantum number
o b position
o c energy sublevel
o d speed

Explanation:

Question 9

The formula to calculate the maximum number of electrons in a principal energy level is \(2n^{2}\), where \(n\) is the principal quantum number. For the second principal energy level (\(n = 2\)), we substitute \(n\) into the formula: \(2\times2^{2}=2\times4 = 8\).

When an electron moves from a lower to a higher energy level, it absorbs a specific amount of energy (a quantum of energy). Electrons do not absorb continuously variable amounts of energy (a is wrong), there is no rule that it always doubles its energy (b is wrong), and moving to a higher energy level means it moves farther from the nucleus (c is wrong).

The principal quantum number (\(n\)) determines the size and energy of the electron cloud. The energy sublevel (related to the angular - momentum quantum number \(l\)) determines the shape of the electron cloud. Position and speed do not determine the shape of the electron cloud in the context of quantum - mechanical electron cloud models.

Answer:

a. 8

Question 10