Question

question
explain why ethanol has a higher boiling point than methanol.
select the correct answer below:
ethanol forms stronger hydrogen bonds than methanol.
ethanol forms more hydrogen bonds than methanol.
ethanol has a longer carbon chain than methanol.
methanol is more toxic than ethanol.

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze hydrogen bonds

Both ethanol and methanol have -OH groups and can form hydrogen bonds. The strength and number of hydrogen bonds per molecule are similar for both (one -OH group per molecule), so options A and B are incorrect.

Step2: Consider carbon chain length

Ethanol (\(C_2H_5OH\)) has a two - carbon chain, while methanol (\(CH_3OH\)) has a one - carbon chain. Longer carbon chains increase van der Waals forces (London dispersion forces) between molecules. Higher van der Waals forces require more energy to separate the molecules (i.e., to reach the boiling point).

Step3: Evaluate toxicity option

Toxicity has no relation to boiling point. So option D is incorrect.

Answer:

C. Ethanol has a longer carbon chain than methanol.