Question

question #21
a student collects and records data about two different cells in a table.
based on an analysis of the information, which conclusion is supported with the best reasoning?
a cell a is a bacterial cell because it is microscopic.
b cell b is a plant cell because it is very large.
c cell a is a bacterial cell because it lacks membrane - bound organelles.
d cell b is an animal cell because it can be seen with the unaided eye.
question #22
a student compares three organisms, as shown in the table.
which inference about the organisms is accurately supported with evidence?
a all of the organisms are classified as prokaryotes because they are microscopic.
b all of the organisms are classified as eukaryotes because they are unicellular.
c e. coli and paramecium are classified as prokaryotes because both move using flagella.
d paramecium and amoeba are classified as eukaryotes because both have true nuclei.

Explanation:

• Question #21:
• Bacteria are prokaryotes. Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane - bound organelles. Cell A lacks a nucleus and membrane - bound organelles. Just being microscopic (Option A) is not a sufficient reason as many eukaryotic cells are also microscopic. A plant cell (Option B) has specific features like a cell wall and chloroplasts which are not indicated here. Cell B's size (10 - 100 μm) is not large enough to be seen with the unaided eye (Option D is wrong).
• Question #22:
• Prokaryotes lack a true nucleus. Eukaryotes have a true nucleus.
• Option A: Microscopic size does not determine if an organism is a prokaryote. Paramecium and Amoeba are microscopic but are eukaryotes.
• Option B: Unicellularity does not determine if an organism is a eukaryote. E. coli is unicellular but is a prokaryote.
• Option C: Movement method (using flagella) does not determine if an organism is a prokaryote. Paramecium is a eukaryote.
• Option D: Paramecium and Amoeba have a true nucleus, which is a key feature of eukaryotes.

Answer:

Question #21: C. Cell A is a bacterial cell because it lacks membrane - bound organelles.
Question #22: D. Paramecium and Amoeba are classified as eukaryotes because both have true nuclei.