Question

question 21 (multiple choice worth 3 points)
(02.05r lc)

what did the judiciary act of 1789 do?

created at least one appellate court in each state
formalized the supreme court as the highest court in the land
determined what types of cases are heard in the federal court system
established that each state would have at least one federal district court

Explanation:

Identify the core purpose of the Judiciary Act of 1789

The Judiciary Act of 1789 was a landmark federal statute adopted during the first session of the First United States Congress. Article III of the Constitution established a Supreme Court but left Congress the authority to create lower federal courts.

Evaluate the historical provisions of the Act

The Act established the structure of the federal judiciary. Key provisions included setting the number of Supreme Court justices at six, creating federal judicial districts, and establishing a system of lower federal courts, specifically district courts and circuit courts.

Analyze the given multiple-choice options

• Option 1: "Created at least one appellate court in each state" — Incorrect. The act created circuit courts, but not specifically one appellate court in every individual state.
• Option 2: "Formalized the Supreme Court as the highest court in the land" — Incorrect. The Constitution itself established the Supreme Court as the highest court; the Act merely organized its size and jurisdiction.
• Option 3: "Determined what types of cases are heard in the federal court system" — Incorrect. While it defined jurisdiction, the primary structural achievement was the physical creation of the lower court system.
• Option 4: "Established that each state would have at least one federal district court" — Correct. The Act divided the nation into 13 judicial districts, ensuring each state had at least one federal district court.

Answer:

• Created at least one appellate court in each state
• Formalized the Supreme Court as the highest court in the land
• Determined what types of cases are heard in the federal court system
• Established that each state would have at least one federal district court (Correct answer)