Question

question 13 of 14
what is the relationship between acids, bases, and hydroxide ions?
○ acids strengthen and bases weaken as hydroxide concentration increases.
○ acids contain no hydroxide ions, whereas bases contain only hydroxide ions.
○ acids contain relatively few hydroxide ions, whereas bases contain excess hydroxide ions.
○ acids contain excess hydroxide ions, whereas bases contain relatively few hydroxide ions.
○ acids contain only hydroxide ions, whereas bases contain no hydroxide ions.

Explanation:

Acids increase H⁺ concentration in solution, leading to low OH⁻ (since [H⁺][OH⁻] = 10⁻¹⁴ at 25°C). Bases (e.g., NaOH) release OH⁻, resulting in excess hydroxide ions. Other options are incorrect: acids don’t lack OH⁻ entirely, bases aren’t limited to OH⁻ (e.g., NH₃), and acid strength doesn’t strengthen with higher OH⁻.

Answer:

Acids contain relatively few hydroxide ions, whereas bases contain excess hydroxide ions.