practice: haploid & diploid
answer the following questions about the karyotype shown.
1. what is a karyotype?
2. how many autosomes are in this human karyotype? how many sex chromosomes?
3. if the last pair reflects whether the organism is male or female, which would this organism be? explain how you know.

4. based on the picture, is this a karyotype of a diploid or haploid cell? explain how you know.

5. based on your answer to #4, what type of cells would have this amount of chromosomes in them?

6. is this a picture of chromosomes before or after dna replication during the s phase of interphase? explain how you know.

7. what would a karyotype like this look like after meiosis?

Question

practice: haploid & diploid
answer the following questions about the karyotype shown.
1. what is a karyotype?
2. how many autosomes are in this human karyotype? how many sex chromosomes?
3. if the last pair reflects whether the organism is male or female, which would this organism be? explain how you know.

4. based on the picture, is this a karyotype of a diploid or haploid cell? explain how you know.

5. based on your answer to #4, what type of cells would have this amount of chromosomes in them?

6. is this a picture of chromosomes before or after dna replication during the s phase of interphase? explain how you know.

7. what would a karyotype like this look like after meiosis?

Accepted Answer

### Question 1: What is a karyotype?
# Brief Explanations:
A karyotype is an organized profile (picture) of the chromosomes in a cell, arranged by size, shape, and number. It shows the complete set of chromosomes, allowing analysis of chromosomal structure and number (e.g., for detecting abnormalities like Down syndrome).
# Answer:
An organized picture (profile) of the chromosomes in a cell, arranged by size, shape, and number.

### Question 2: How many autosomes are in this human karyotype? How many sex chromosomes?
# Brief Explanations:
In a human karyotype, there are 22 pairs of autosomes (non - sex chromosomes) and 1 pair of sex chromosomes. So the number of autosomes is 44 (22×2) and the number of sex chromosomes is 2 (1 pair).
# Answer:
Autosomes: 44 (22 pairs); Sex chromosomes: 2 (1 pair).

### Question 3: If the last pair reflects whether the organism is male or female, which would this organism be? Explain how you know.
# Brief Explanations:
In human karyotypes, female sex chromosomes are XX (homologous, same size/shape), and male are XY (heterologous, different). If the last pair is XX, it's female; if XY, male. From the image (assuming typical karyotype), if the last pair is XX (matching in size/shape), it's female. If XY (one X, one Y - shaped differently), it's male. Let's assume the last pair here is XY (common example for male). So the organism is male because the sex chromosomes are XY (one X, one Y - shaped chromosome, different from each other).
# Answer:
If the last pair is XY (one X, one Y - shaped chromosome), the organism is male. Because human males have XY sex chromosomes (females have XX).

### Question 4: Based on the picture, is this a karyotype of a diploid or haploid cell? Explain how you know.
# Brief Explanations:
Diploid cells have two sets of chromosomes (homologous pairs, 2n), haploid has one set (n). A human diploid cell has 46 chromosomes (23 pairs), haploid (gametes) has 23. The karyotype here has pairs of chromosomes (homologous pairs), so it's diploid (since diploid cells have two copies of each chromosome, forming pairs).
# Answer:
Diploid. Because diploid cells have two sets of chromosomes (homologous pairs), and this karyotype shows chromosomes in pairs (e.g., 23 pairs in humans, diploid number), indicating two copies of each chromosome (2n).

### Question 5: Based on your answer to #4, what type of cells would have this amount of chromosomes in them?
# Brief Explanations:
Diploid cells in humans (and most organisms) are somatic cells (body cells: skin, liver, muscle, etc.). Gametes (sperm/egg) are haploid. So if it's a diploid karyotype (46 chromosomes in humans), somatic cells (body cells) have this amount.
# Answer:
Somatic (body) cells. Diploid cells (2n) are found in body cells (e.g., skin, liver, muscle cells), while gametes are haploid (n).

### Question 6: Is this a picture of chromosomes before or after DNA Replication during the S phase of interphase? How you know.
# Brief Explanations:
Before DNA replication, chromosomes are single - stranded. After replication (S phase), they are double - stranded (sister chromatids joined at centromere). The chromosomes in the karyotype appear as double - stranded (with sister chromatids, looking like an 'X' shape), so this is after DNA replication (since each chromosome has two sister chromatids, indicating replication has occurred).
# Answer:
After DNA Replication. Because the chromosomes show sister chromatids (each chromosome has two identical parts joined at the centromere), which form during S - phase DNA replication.

### Question 7: What would a karyotype like this look like after meiosis?
# Brief Explanations:
Meiosis reduces chromosome number by half (diploid to haploid, 2n→n). So after meiosis, the karyotype would have 23 chromosomes (in humans), no homologous pairs (haploid), and each chromosome is single - stranded (since meiosis II separates sister chromatids). So the karyotype after meiosis would have half the number of chromosomes (23 in humans), no pairs, and single - stranded chromosomes.
# Answer:
After meiosis, the karyotype would be haploid: it would have half the number of chromosomes (e.g., 23 in humans, instead of 46), no homologous chromosome pairs, and each chromosome would be single - stranded (no sister chromatids, as meiosis II separates them).

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QUESTION IMAGE

Question

Explanation:

Question 1: What is a karyotype?

Answer:

Question 2: How many autosomes are in this human karyotype? How many sex chromosomes?