Question

1. the periodic table groups elements with similar ______________ together.

a) sizes
b) properties
c) colors
d) locations

1. what does each box on the periodic table represent?

a) a mixture
b) an element
c) a compound
d) an atoms nucleus

1. what does the atomic number of an element tell you?

a) the number of neutrons
b) the number of protons
c) the total mass of the atom
d) the number of electrons in the nucleus

1. which of the following best describes atomic mass?

a) the number of protons
b) the number of electrons
c) the total number of protons and neutrons
d) the number of atoms in a compound

1. which element would most likely be more reactive?

a) an element in group 18 (noble gases)
b) an element in group 1 (alkali metals)
c) an element in the middle of the table
d) an element with a full outer electron shell

1. which statement about reactivity and the periodic table is correct?

a) elements in the same period have similar reactivity
b) elements in group 1 become more reactive as you go down the group
c) elements in group 18 become more reactive as you go down the group
d) elements in the middle of the table are the most reactive

Explanation:

• Question 9: The Periodic Table groups elements with similar properties. This is a fundamental concept in chemistry as elements in the same group (vertical column) have similar chemical behaviors due to having the same number of valence electrons.
• Question 10: Each box on the Periodic Table represents an element. The table is organized to display all known elements, with each element having its own unique box that contains information like its symbol, atomic number, and atomic mass.
• Question 11: The atomic number of an element tells you the number of protons. By definition, the atomic number (\(Z\)) of an element is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element.
• Question 12: Atomic mass is best described as the total number of protons and neutrons. The formula for atomic mass (\(A\)) is \(A = Z + N\), where \(Z\) is the atomic number (number of protons) and \(N\) is the number of neutrons.
• Question 13: An element in Group 1 (Alkali Metals) is more reactive. Alkali metals have one valence electron, which they readily lose to form a positive ion. Noble gases (Group 18) have a full outer electron shell and are very unreactive. Elements in the middle of the table (transition metals) are generally less reactive than alkali metals.
• Question 14: Elements in Group 1 become more reactive as you go down the group. As you move down Group 1, the atomic radius increases. The valence electron is further from the nucleus and is more easily lost, making the element more reactive. Elements in the same period (horizontal row) have different reactivities. Noble gases (Group 18) are unreactive and do not become more reactive down the group. Elements in the middle of the table (transition metals) are not the most reactive.

Answer:

• 9. b) Properties
• 10. b) An element
• 11. b) The number of protons
• 12. c) The total number of protons and neutrons
• 13. b) An element in Group 1 (Alkali Metals)
• 14. b) Elements in Group 1 become more reactive as you go down the group