Question

part c - making inferences
additional studies of the epas1 alleles have revealed that the \tibetan\ allele is recessive to the
egular\ allele. only individuals with two copies of the \tibetan\ allele will have the improved high - altitude functioning that the \tibetan\ allele confers.
can you trace the inheritance of the epas1 alleles in the family shown in this pedigree?
note: now that you know that the
egular\ allele is dominant and the \tibetan\ allele is recessive, use the standard designations for dominant and recessive alleles:
r =
egular\ epas1 allele
r = \tibetan\ epas1 allele
identify each family members genotype in this pedigree for high - altitude adaptation. if you cant tell with certainty whether an individual is homozygous dominant or heterozygous dominant, place the label
r or rr\ in that box.
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Explanation:

Step1: Analyze individual \(a\)

Individual \(a\) is adapted to high - altitude. Since the “Tibetan” allele (\(r\)) is recessive, an adapted individual must have at least one “Tibetan” allele. But we can't be sure if it's \(Rr\) or \(RR\).

Step2: Analyze individual \(b\)

Individual \(b\) is not adapted to high - altitude. So its genotype is \(RR\) (because if it had a “Tibetan” allele \(r\), and since \(R\) is dominant, but for non - adaptation, two dominant \(R\) alleles are needed as \(R\) is the “regular” (non - adapted, dominant) allele).

Step3: Analyze individual \(c\)

Individual \(c\) is adapted to high - altitude. Similar to \(a\), it could be \(Rr\) or \(RR\).

Step4: Analyze individual \(d\)

Individual \(d\) is adapted to high - altitude. It could be \(Rr\) or \(RR\).

Step5: Analyze individual \(e\)

Individual \(e\) is adapted to high - altitude. It could be \(Rr\) or \(RR\).

Step6: Analyze individual \(f\)

Individual \(f\) is not adapted to high - altitude. So its genotype is \(RR\).

Step7: Analyze individual \(g\)

Individual \(g\) is adapted to high - altitude. It could be \(Rr\) or \(RR\).

Step8: Analyze individual \(h\)

Individual \(h\) is not adapted to high - altitude. So its genotype is \(RR\).

Step9: Analyze individual \(i\)

Individual \(i\) is not adapted to high - altitude. So its genotype is \(RR\).

Answer:

\(a:Rr\) or \(RR\); \(b:RR\); \(c:Rr\) or \(RR\); \(d:Rr\) or \(RR\); \(e:Rr\) or \(RR\); \(f:RR\); \(g:Rr\) or \(RR\); \(h:RR\); \(i:RR\)