Question

part 2: key ideas

1. why do we use step - up transformers before sending electricity through transmission lines?
2. what role does a substation play in the energy system?
3. in your home, electricity is converted into different forms of energy. list 3 examples:

Explanation:

1. Step - up transformers increase voltage before transmission to reduce power loss in transmission lines (P = I²R, and reducing current by increasing voltage reduces power loss).
2. A substation changes voltage levels (step - up or step - down), distributes electricity to different areas, and controls the flow of electrical power in the energy system.
3. In a home, electricity is converted into:

• Heat energy in a toaster (resistance heating).
• Light energy in a light - bulb (incandescence or LED emission).
• Kinetic energy in a fan (electric motor operation).

Answer:

1. To reduce power loss in transmission lines by increasing voltage and reducing current.
2. It changes voltage levels, distributes electricity, and controls power flow.
3. Heat energy (e.g., in a toaster), Light energy (e.g., in a light - bulb), Kinetic energy (e.g., in a fan)