Question

one out of every 9 light bulbs is defective. what constant of proportionality relates defective bulbs to total bulbs?

Explanation:

Step1: Define Proportionality

The constant of proportionality \( k \) in a proportional relationship \( y = kx \) (where \( y \) is defective bulbs and \( x \) is total bulbs) is the ratio of \( y \) to \( x \).

Step2: Calculate the Ratio

Given 1 defective bulb for every 9 total bulbs, the ratio of defective to total is \( \frac{1}{9} \). So the constant of proportionality \( k = \frac{1}{9} \).

Answer:

\(\frac{1}{9}\)