Question

the napoleonic wars were a series of wars between france and other european powers beginning in the late 1790s. during these wars, french soldiers needed gunpowder to fight. bernard courtois, a french chemist, helped by manufacturing saltpeter, which was used to make gunpowder. at first, courtois used wood ash to produce saltpeter, but then he hit a snag. wood ash was in short supply, so courtoiss answer was to use seaweed as a substitute. during the production process, courtois made a mistake and added too much sulfuric acid. it produced a violet gas that condensed into violet crystals. courtois had accidentally discovered an essential element: iodine. once the napoleonic wars ended, demand for gunpowder declined, and courtoiss saltpeter business was in trouble. thus, courtois turned his attention to iodine production instead. match the problems with their solutions. courtois manufactured iodine. courtois used seaweed. courtois made saltpeter. problem solution gunpowder was in demand. wood ash wasnt available. courtoiss business was in decline.

Explanation:

• For "Gunpowder was in demand": The text says "French soldiers needed gunpowder to fight. Bernard Courtois...manufacturing saltpeter, which was used to make gunpowder". So the solution is "Courtois made saltpeter".
• For "Wood ash wasn't available": "Wood ash was in short supply, so Courtois's answer was to use seaweed as a substitute". So the solution is "Courtois used seaweed".
• For "Courtois's business was in decline": "demand for gunpowder declined...Courtois turned his attention to iodine production instead". So the solution is "Courtois manufactured iodine".

Answer:

• Gunpowder was in demand - Courtois made saltpeter.
• Wood ash wasn't available - Courtois used seaweed.
• Courtois's business was in decline - Courtois manufactured iodine.