Question

name: thor
period: date:

1. the enzyme responsible for breaking down the sugar lactose is called lactase.
2. the chemical process where the enzyme lactase breaks down lactose into simpler sugars is known as
3. lactose is a type of carbohydrate known as a disaccharide.

a) true
b) false

1. what two simpler sugars are produced when the enzyme lactase breaks down lactose?

a) sucrose and fructose
b) glucose and fructose
c) glucose and galactose
d) maltose and galactose

1. in individuals with lactose intolerance, undigested lactose travels to the large intestine, where it is fermented by gut bacteria, leading to symptoms like bloating and gas.

a) true
b) false

1. the ability to produce the lactase enzyme into adulthood is known as
2. what is the primary cause of lactose intolerance in most of the worlds adult population?

a) a viral infection that destroys the lactase enzyme.
b) a genetic mutation that causes a decline in lactase production after infancy.
c) the consumption of too many dairy products over time.
d) an allergic reaction to the proteins found in milk.

Explanation:

1. Lactase is the specific enzyme for lactose breakdown.
2. Hydrolysis is the process of breaking down substances with water (lactase - catalyzed lactose breakdown is hydrolysis).
3. Lactose is a disaccharide (glucose + galactose).
4. Lactase breaks lactose into glucose and galactose.
5. Undigested lactose in large intestine is fermented by gut bacteria causing symptoms.
6. Lactase persistence is the ability to produce lactase into adulthood.
7. Genetic mutation leading to lactase decline post - infancy is the main cause of lactose intolerance in adults.

Answer:

1. Lactase
2. Hydrolysis
3. a) True
4. c) Glucose and Galactose
5. a) True
6. Lactase persistence
7. b) A genetic mutation that causes a decline in lactase production after infancy.