Question

multiple choice 2 points
which of the following is not a function associated with the spinal cord?
conduct sensory information up to the brain
coordinate the alternating contraction of several muscle groups associated with locomotion
conduct motor information down the cord
protect neurons in both the ascending and descending tracts
mediate a reflex, such as the withdrawal of a hand from pain

Explanation:

Analyze the question

The question asks to identify which of the listed options is not a function associated with the spinal cord.

Evaluate conduction functions

The spinal cord contains ascending tracts that carry sensory signals up to the brain, and descending tracts that carry motor signals down from the brain. Thus, conducting sensory information up to the brain and conducting motor information down the cord are primary functions of the spinal cord.

Evaluate locomotion and reflex functions

The spinal cord contains neural circuits called central pattern generators that coordinate repetitive muscle contractions for locomotion (like walking). It also integrates and mediates spinal reflexes, such as the withdrawal reflex from a painful stimulus, without requiring direct brain involvement.

Evaluate the protection of neurons

Using the Central Nervous System knowledge point, we know that neurons and their axonal tracts within the spinal cord are physically protected by the vertebral column, meninges (dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater), and cerebrospinal fluid. The spinal cord itself does not "protect" the neurons within its tracts; rather, it is the structure containing them that is protected by these external skeletal and membranous barriers. Therefore, protecting neurons in the tracts is not a physiological function of the spinal cord itself.

Answer:

• (A) Conduct sensory information up to the brain
• (B) Coordinate the alternating contraction of several muscle groups associated with locomotion
• (C) Conduct motor information down the cord
• (D) Protect neurons in both the ascending and descending tracts (Correct answer)
• (E) Mediate a reflex, such as the withdrawal of a hand from pain