Question

5 multiple choice 1 point
in general, which two characteristics of an organism are used to classify it?
genome and protein complement
height and weight
physical features and genome
cell structure and chromosome number
6 multiple choice 1 point
which of the following is not a reason that cladograms are often drawn by computer?
there are many factors that need to be weighed
new molecular data and species discoveries continue to increase the complexity of classifying organisms
its easy for humans to introduce bias into the cladogram
the number of domains used in taxonomy is increasing at an alarming rate
7 multiple answer 1 point
examine the following quote: \in the beginning, god created the heavens and the earth.\ (choose all that apply)
this statement is an example of the conflict between science and religion.
this is a presuppositionalist claim, though it may be consistent with what is seen in the fossil record and can be observed from existing species.
this is an evidentialist claim, based purely on what is seen in the fossil record and what can be observed from existing species.
science cannot falsify such a claim.
8 multiple choice 1 point
when constructing phylogenetic trees, scientists often use a concept known as
cladography
conservation
binomial nomenclature
maximum parsimony

Explanation:

5.

In biological classification, physical features (morphology) and genome (genetic makeup) are key. Genome provides genetic relatedness, and physical features offer observable traits. Height/weight are too variable and organism - specific. Cell structure and chromosome number are more relevant in some taxonomic groups but not as universally as physical features and genome. Genome and protein complement is too narrow as protein complement is part of genomic expression.

Cladograms' complexity comes from many factors (e.g., molecular data, species discoveries) and human bias. The number of domains (Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya) is fixed. So, the increasing number of domains is not a reason for computer - drawn cladograms.

• It is a conflict between science (which relies on evidence - based explanations) and religion (faith - based).
• It is a presuppositionalist claim (starting from a religious presupposition) but may have some consistency (e.g., in some religious - scientific reconciliations).
• It is not an evidentialist claim (no fossil/observable evidence for creation as stated).
• Science cannot falsify a supernatural claim (beyond scientific methodology).

Answer:

C. physical features and genome

6.