Question

1. morphine and heroin are

a) barbiturates.
b) hallucinogens.
c) amphetamines.
d) stimulants.
e) opiates.

1. which brain area is primarily involved with reading aloud?

a) association areas
b) reticular formation
c) hypothalamus
d) sensory cortex
e) angular gyrus

1. why is transduction important to sensation?

a) it illustrates how much of information processing occurs automatically.
b) it converts physical stimuli, such as light, into neural messages.
c) it explains our diminishing sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus.
d) it causes the lens to focus light waves on the retina by changing its curvature.
e) it demonstrates how our experiences and expectations affect whether we perceive a
stimuli.

1. how is the hypothalamus involved in sleep?

a) during sleep the hypothalamus stimulates the production of free radicals, molecules
that are toxic to neurons, which weakens unused connections.
b) cell clusters in the hypothalamus stimulate the production of relatively slow alpha
waves, signaling the transition from deep relaxation to sleep.
c) in response to decreasing light the hypothalamus suprachiasmatic nucleus causes
the pineal gland to increase production of melatonin, leading you to sleep.
d) the action of the hypothalamus suppresses immune cell production that fights off
viral infections and cancer.
e) the hypothalamus triggers the pituitary gland in the endocrine system to produce
the hormone thyroxin, which leads you to sleep.

1. a pet scan of a patient looking at a photograph of a painting would most likely indicate

high levels of activity in which brain structure?
a) corpus callosum
b) occipital lobes
c) brocas area
d) frontal lobes
e) sensory cortex

Explanation:

• Question 6: Morphine and heroin are opiates. Opiates are drugs that act on the opioid receptors in the brain to produce pain - relief and euphoria.
• Question 7: The angular gyrus is involved in reading aloud. It is responsible for integrating visual and auditory information related to language.
• Question 8: Transduction converts physical stimuli (e.g., light, sound) into neural messages. This is a fundamental process in sensation as it allows the nervous system to receive and process information from the environment.
• Question 9: The hypothalamus' suprachiasmatic nucleus responds to decreasing light by causing the pineal gland to increase melatonin production, which induces sleep.
• Question 10: The occipital lobes are primarily responsible for visual processing. When looking at a photograph of a painting (a visual stimulus), the occipital lobes would show high activity.

Answer:

1. E. opiates
2. E. angular gyrus
3. B. It converts physical stimuli, such as light, into neural messages.
4. C. In response to decreasing light the hypothalamus' suprachiasmatic nucleus causes the pineal gland to increase production of melatonin, leading you to sleep.
5. B. occipital lobes