Question

match the following statements with the correct position of the pendulum.
fulcrum
start
1
3
4
choose...
potential energy being converted to kinetic energy
all the energy is potential energy
kinetic energy being converted to potential energy
no energy
all the energy is kinetic energy
choose...
position 1
position 2
position 3
position 4

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each position:

• All the Energy is Potential Energy: At the highest points (Start and Position 4), the pendulum is at rest (maximum height, minimum speed), so all energy is gravitational potential energy.
• Potential Energy being converted to Kinetic Energy: As the pendulum moves from a high point (e.g., Start to Position 1, Position 1 to Position 2), height decreases (PE decreases) and speed increases (KE increases), so PE converts to KE.
• All the Energy is Kinetic Energy: At the lowest point (Position 2), the pendulum has maximum speed (minimum height), so all energy is kinetic energy.
• Kinetic Energy being converted to Potential Energy: As the pendulum moves from the low point to a high point (e.g., Position 2 to Position 3, Position 3 to Position 4), speed decreases (KE decreases) and height increases (PE increases), so KE converts to PE.
• "No Energy" is incorrect as energy is conserved (PE + KE = constant, ignoring air resistance).

Matching:

• Position 1: Moving down from Start, so Potential Energy being converted to Kinetic Energy (PE → KE).
• Position 2: Lowest point, so All the Energy is Kinetic Energy (max speed, min height).
• Position 3: Moving up from Position 2, so Kinetic Energy being converted to Potential Energy (KE → PE).
• Position 4: Highest point (same as Start), so All the Energy is Potential Energy (max height, min speed).

Answer:

• Position 1: Potential Energy being converted to Kinetic Energy
• Position 2: All the Energy is Kinetic Energy
• Position 3: Kinetic Energy being converted to Potential Energy
• Position 4: All the Energy is Potential Energy