Question

the infection of the intestine that produces its effects due to production of an enterotoxin that activates adenylate cyclase and produces a watery diarrhea often characterized as
ice water\ stools?

cholera

giardiasis

bacillary dysentery

viral enteritis

typhoid fever

Explanation:

Cholera is an intestinal infection caused by Vibrio cholerae. The bacterium produces cholera toxin (an enterotoxin) that activates adenylate cyclase, leading to increased levels of cyclic AMP. This causes excessive secretion of chloride, sodium, and water into the intestinal lumen, resulting in profuse, watery diarrhea with "rice water" stools (due to the presence of mucus, epithelial cells, and bacteria). Giardiasis (from Giardia lamblia) causes foul - smelling, greasy stools. Bacillary dysentery (from Shigella species) causes bloody, mucoid diarrhea. Viral enteritis (e.g., rotavirus, norovirus) causes diarrhea, often with vomiting, but not typically "rice water" stools. Typhoid fever (from Salmonella typhi) causes systemic symptoms like fever, abdominal pain, and later, rose spots, not "rice water" diarrhea.

Answer:

A. Cholera