Question

individuals who believe that an unpleasant experience is unavoidable and therefore do nothing to change the course of events are exhibiting
a.
self - actualization attributes

b.
the fight - or - flight response

c.
attributional deficits

d.
cognitive dissonance

e.
learned helplessness

Explanation:

• Option A: Self - actualization attributes refer to the drive to fulfill one's potential, not related to the described behavior.
• Option B: Fight - or - flight response is a physiological reaction to a threat, involving action (fight or flight), not inaction due to perceived inevitability.
• Option C: Attributional deficits are about problems in how one attributes causes, not about the inaction from believing something is unavoidable.
• Option D: Cognitive dissonance is the discomfort from holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes, not related to this situation.
• Option E: Learned helplessness occurs when an individual believes that a negative situation is unavoidable and thus stops trying to change it, which matches the described behavior.

Answer:

E. learned helplessness