Question

independent practice: elements and the periodic table
1.why are elements organized in the same groups or families?
2.sodium is an element found in table salt. use the periodic table above to answer the questions below.
what group is sodium in?________
what period is sodium in?________
what is sodiums atomic number?____
what other elements are similar to sodium?________
3.use the periodic table to respond to questions on sulfur.
what group is sulfur in?________
what period is sulfur in?________
what is sulfurs atomic number?____
what other elements are similar to sulfur?________

Explanation:

1. Elements in the same group or family have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons.
2. Sodium (Na):

• Group: Group 1 (Alkali Metals). Elements in Group 1 have one valence electron.
• Period: Period 3. Periods are horizontal rows in the periodic table.
• Atomic number: 11. The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom.
• Similar elements: Lithium (Li), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs), Francium (Fr). They are all in Group 1.

1. Sulfur (S):

• Group: Group 16 (Chalcogens). Elements in Group 16 have six valence electrons.
• Period: Period 3.
• Atomic number: 16.
• Similar elements: Oxygen (O), Selenium (Se), Tellurium (Te), Polonium (Po). They are all in Group 16.

Answer:

1. They have similar chemical properties due to the same number of valence electrons.

2.

• Group 1
• Period 3
• 11
• Lithium (Li), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs), Francium (Fr)

3.

• Group 16
• Period 3
• 16
• Oxygen (O), Selenium (Se), Tellurium (Te), Polonium (Po)