Question

1. igneous rocks with large crystals formed because—

a. cooling was slow
b. magma cooled instantly
c. minerals dissolved in water
d. lava cooled underwater

1. sedimentary structures such as cross - bedding form from—

a. volcanic eruptions
b. movement of water or wind
c. extreme pressure deep inside earth
d. rapid cooling of lava

1. lithification includes—

a. melting and recrystallization
b. compaction and cementation
c. sublimation
d. oxidation

1. foliated metamorphic rocks—

a. show banded or layered appearance
b. always form from lava
c. contain fossils
d. are found only underwater

1. creep can be identified by—

a. sudden blocks of rock moving downhill
b. tilted fence posts and bent trees
c. large cracks forming instantly
d. a mass of rock sliding as one block

1. a mudflow triggered by a volcanic eruption is called a—

a. creep flow
b. lahar
c. rockfall
d. slump

1. a slump occurs when—

a. material moves along a curved surface
b. snow and ice slide rapidly
c. soil flows like water
d. rocks drop vertically

Explanation:

Question 7

Igneous rocks with large crystals form when cooling is slow (intrusive igneous rocks), allowing crystals to grow. Instant cooling (B) forms fine - grained rocks. Minerals dissolving in water (C) is not related to igneous crystal formation. Lava cooling underwater (D) is fast cooling, forming fine - grained rocks.

Cross - bedding in sedimentary rocks is formed by the movement of water or wind, which deposits sediments in layers at an angle. Volcanic eruptions (A) form igneous rocks. Extreme pressure deep inside Earth (C) is related to metamorphism. Rapid cooling of lava (D) forms igneous rocks.

Lithification is the process of turning sediments into sedimentary rocks, which includes compaction (pressing sediments together) and cementation (binding sediments with minerals). Melting and recrystallization (A) is for metamorphism or igneous processes. Sublimation (C) is a phase change of a substance, not related to lithification. Oxidation (D) is a chemical reaction, not part of lithification.

Answer:

A. Cooling was slow

Question 8