Question

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Explanation:

Part a

Step1: Count first row counters

First row has 5 black counters. $5$

Step2: Count second row counters

Second row has 3 black counters. $3$

Step3: Total counters

Add the number of counters in both rows. $5 + 3 = 8$

Black counters are defined as negative (since white are positive). All counters here are black, so they represent negative integers.

Step1: Recall rule for adding negatives

When adding two negative numbers, we add their absolute values and keep the negative sign.

Step2: Calculate absolute values sum

Absolute value of $-5$ is $5$, absolute value of $-3$ is $3$. Sum: $5 + 3 = 8$

Step3: Apply negative sign

Since both numbers are negative, the result is $-8$. So $-5 + (-3) = -8$

Answer:

8

Part b