Question

genetics review sheet
remember to study the vocabulary for the unit!!
complete the following fill in the blank and short answer questions.

1. who is gregor mendel and what did he do?
2. what is the purpose of a punnett square?
3. if there are 46 chromosomes in a human, how many chromosomes would be present in a haploid cell (sperm or egg)?
4. how many cells are formed in the process of mitosis?
5. in mitosis, an original cell of a fruit fly has 8 chromosomes, how many would each new cell have? is this described as haploid or diploid?
6. how many cells are formed in the process of meiosis?
7. in meiosis, an original cell of a fruit fly has 8 chromosomes, how many would each new cell (sperm or egg) have?
8. give the correct genotype for the description below. use the letters t & t, where t = tall and t =

Explanation:

Question 3

Step1: Recall haploid definition

Haploid cells have half the number of chromosomes of diploid cells.

Step2: Calculate haploid chromosomes

Human diploid cells have 46 chromosomes. So haploid (sperm/egg) cells have $46 \div 2 = 23$ chromosomes.

Step1: Recall mitosis process

Mitosis is a cell division that results in two daughter cells, each identical to the parent cell.

Step2: Determine number of cells formed

From one parent cell, mitosis forms 2 cells.

Step1: Recall mitosis chromosome behavior

In mitosis, daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell (diploid, since it's same as parent's ploidy).

Step2: Calculate chromosomes in new cells

Parent fruit fly cell has 8 chromosomes. So each new cell has 8 chromosomes, and it's diploid.

Answer:

23

Question 4