genetic drift is random change in the dna in a population, usually affecting small populations and reducing genetic variation. there are two types of genetic drift.
- founder effect: a type of genetic drift that occurs when a few individuals start a new population in a new location. because the group is small, it may not represent the full genetic diversity of the original population.
- bottleneck effect:
a type of genetic drift that happens when a population is drastically reduced in size due to a natural disaster, disease, or other event. the small group that survives may have a different gene pool than the original population.

read each scenario below. decide whether it describes the founder effect (fe) or the bottleneck effect (be). write your answer in the blank provided.

1. ______ a small group of birds is blown off course during migration and settles on a new island, where they start a new population.
2. ______ a disease outbreak wipes out most of a rabbit population, leaving only a few survivors to repopulate the area.
3. ______ several insects are accidentally transported to a new continent and begin a new population there, separate from the original.
4. ______ a wildfire destroys a large portion of a forest, and only a few deer survive to rebuild the population.
5. ______ a few members of a beetle species float to a new island and begin a new population with limited genetic diversity.
6. ______ a flood kills most of a rodent population, leaving a small group behind with reduced genetic variation.

Question

genetic drift is random change in the dna in a population, usually affecting small populations and reducing genetic variation. there are two types of genetic drift.
- founder effect: a type of genetic drift that occurs when a few individuals start a new population in a new location. because the group is small, it may not represent the full genetic diversity of the original population.
- bottleneck effect:
a type of genetic drift that happens when a population is drastically reduced in size due to a natural disaster, disease, or other event. the small group that survives may have a different gene pool than the original population.

read each scenario below. decide whether it describes the founder effect (fe) or the bottleneck effect (be). write your answer in the blank provided.

1. ______ a small group of birds is blown off course during migration and settles on a new island, where they start a new population.
2. ______ a disease outbreak wipes out most of a rabbit population, leaving only a few survivors to repopulate the area.
3. ______ several insects are accidentally transported to a new continent and begin a new population there, separate from the original.
4. ______ a wildfire destroys a large portion of a forest, and only a few deer survive to rebuild the population.
5. ______ a few members of a beetle species float to a new island and begin a new population with limited genetic diversity.
6. ______ a flood kills most of a rodent population, leaving a small group behind with reduced genetic variation.

Accepted Answer

### 1.
# Brief Explanations:
The scenario is about a small group starting a new population in a new location, which matches the Founder Effect (FE) definition.
# Answer:
FE

### 2.
# Brief Explanations:
A disease outbreak drastically reduces the rabbit population, leaving a few survivors, which fits the Bottleneck Effect (BE) (population reduced by an event, survivors repopulate).
# Answer:
BE

### 3.
# Brief Explanations:
Insects are transported to a new continent to start a new population, matching the Founder Effect (FE) of a few individuals starting a new population in a new place.
# Answer:
FE

### 4.
# Brief Explanations:
A wildfire (an event) drastically reduces the deer population, leaving a few to rebuild, so it's the Bottleneck Effect (BE).
# Answer:
BE

### 5.
# Brief Explanations:
A few beetles float to a new island and start a new population (limited genetic diversity as in Founder Effect (FE) where a small group starts a new population).
# Answer:
FE

### 6.
# Brief Explanations:
A flood (an event) kills most of the rodent population, leaving a small group with reduced genetic variation, which is the Bottleneck Effect (BE).
# Answer:
BE

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